The daily maintenance and upkeep of refrigeration compressors are key to extending their service life, ensuring operational stability, and reducing failure rates. It is necessary to follow the principle of “regular inspection, timely maintenance, and replacement as needed”, develop targeted maintenance plans for different components, and establish complete maintenance records.
The maintenance of the lubrication system is the core, and it is necessary to regularly check the oil level, quality, and temperature of the lubricating oil. The oil level should be maintained within the specified range (usually 1/2~2/3 of the oil sight glass), and the oil quality should be clear, free of impurities, and odorless. If the lubricating oil is found to be blackened, emulsified, or contain metal debris, it should be replaced in a timely manner, and the oil filter and oil cooler should be cleaned. The replacement cycle of lubricating oil should be determined according to the operating conditions. Generally, under continuous operating conditions, it should be replaced every 6-12 months. In harsh operating conditions (high temperature, high load), the replacement cycle should be shortened. When replacing, the lubricating oil model that is compatible with the compressor should be selected to avoid mixing different brands and models of lubricating oil.
Sealing and leakage checks should be conducted regularly, with a focus on inspecting shaft seals, cylinder body seals, pipeline interfaces, and other parts to observe for refrigerant and lubricating oil leaks. If leaks are found, seals should be replaced and interface bolts tightened in a timely manner. Tools such as soap water and leak detectors can be used for leak detection to ensure good sealing performance and avoid a decrease in cooling capacity, an increase in energy consumption, and even compressor damage caused by leaks.
The maintenance of the cooling system needs to be adjusted according to the cooling method: the air-cooled compressor needs to regularly clean the dust and debris on the heat sink, check the operation of the fan, ensure that the fan speed is normal and there is no abnormal noise, and avoid poor heat dissipation that may cause the compressor to overheat; Water cooled compressors need to regularly clean the scale and impurities in the cooling water pipeline, check the operation of the water pump, replace the cooling water (or add scale inhibitors), maintain the cleanliness of the cooling water quality, and avoid the accumulation of scale that affects cooling efficiency.
Other daily maintenance: Regularly check the operation of the motor, observe whether the current and voltage are stable, whether the temperature of the motor casing is normal, and whether there are any abnormal noises or vibrations; Inspect components such as air valves and filters, regularly clean or replace them to avoid blockages that may affect suction and exhaust efficiency; When the compressor is shut down for a long time, it is necessary to discharge the refrigerant and lubricating oil inside the compressor, clean the internal impurities, close the inlet and outlet valves, do a good job of dust and moisture prevention, and start the compressor regularly (1-2 times a month) to avoid component aging.
